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Núi Chúa National Park () is a national park in the province of Ninh Thuận Province, on the border with Khánh Hòa Province, South Central Coast, Vietnam.〔 Fonte: (www.world-wildlife-adventures.com ). (URL accessed 15 January 2010)〕 The National Park was established according to Decision number 134/QĐ-TTg dated 9 July 2003 signed by the Prime Minister of Vietnam. This decision turned Núi Chúa Nature Reserve into Núi Chúa National Park. Núi Chúa National Parkis situated on a wide, mountainous promontory, which projects into the South China Sea between Cam Ranh and Phan Rang bays. Elevations range from sea level to 1,039 m at the summit of Núi Chúa peak. Núi Chúa National Park is bounded to the south and east by the South China Sea, to the west by Highway No.1 and to the north by the boundary with neighbouring Khánh Hòa Province. The total area of the Park is 24,353 ha, comprising: *Strict forest protection area of 16,087 ha *Forest rehabilitation area of 8, 261 ha *Administration and services area of 5 ha *Buffer zone of 11,200 ha. Núi Chúa National Park also abuts a protected marine area of 7,352 ha. The northern end is the southern part of Cam Ranh Bay administratively belongs to Cam Lập Commune, Cam Ranh town, Khánh Hòa Province, the east and the south is South China Sea in the communes of Vĩnh Hải and Nhơn Hải of Ninh Hải District. The west is limited by the National Route 1A. Ninh Thuận Province is the driest and hottest province in Vietnam, and the area receives the lowest rainfall in south-central Vietnam with an average of 650 mm per year. The dry season extends for eight months from November or December to July or August. ==Biodiversity values== Núi Chúa National Park is a very special and unique area and is one of the priority areas for nature conservation in Vietnam. It is one of the few remaining sites in Southeast Asia where the coastal and marine habitats are still in relatively good condition, and it protects an impressive and largely intact biodiversity. It contains unique semi-arid vegetation and sea turtle nesting beaches, and is located on a promontory bordering a marine park with coral reefs. Núi Chúa National Park is located in the south-eastern part of the Great Annamites Ecoregion, one of the four Global Ecoregions identified by the World Wildlife Fund in the southern region of Vietnam. It is made up of the terrestrial ecoregions of Southern Vietnam Lowland Dry Forests and Southern Annamite Montane Rain Forests. There are few, if any, opportunities to expand the areas of the three Special Use Forests in this dry coastal forest ecoregion, so strict protection of the existing resources is imperative. The semi-arid coastal areas of southern Vietnam are the most arid in Vietnam, so the vegetation also has high value as a source of germ plasm for restoring other areas that become drier or are affected by sea level rises due to climate change. The original vegetation was a mixture of evergreen forest, semi-evergreen forest and deciduous forest. However, most of the forest was destroyed at the beginning of the 1990s as a result of over-exploitation. Currently the only relatively undisturbed primary forest remaining is lower montane evergreen forest, distributed in the north of the Park at elevations above 800 metres. At lower elevations there are extensive areas of degraded and secondary forest. The southern parts of the Park, at elevations between 150 and 800 metres, support scrub dominated by thorny trees. This habitat type is only found at sites with hot and dry climates and is under-represented within Vietnam's protected areas network. 72 mammal species and 181 bird species have been recorded in Núi Chúa National Park. The Park also supports a number of mammal and bird species of global conservation concern, including the Black-shanked Douc ''Pygathrix nigripes'', Pygmy Loris ''Nycticebus pygmaeus'', Asian Black Bear ''Ursus thibetanus'', Sun Bear (U. malayanus), Large-antlered Muntjac ''Muntiacus vuquangensis'' and Siamese Fireback ''Lophura diardi''.〔 It is reported to have the highest known population of Black-shanked Douc in Vietnam. In the park, there are 12 species of bats, including Lesser short-nosed fruit bat'' listed in the IUCN Red List of Vietnam. Other bats are: ''Greater short-nosed fruit bat'', ''Ratanaworabhan's fruit bat'', ''Leschenault's rousette'', ''Great roundleaf bat'', ''Intermediate roundleaf bat'', ''Bicolored roundleaf bat'', ''Intermediate Horseshoe bat'', ''Pearson's horseshoe bat'', ''Least horseshoe bat'', ''Rhinolophus sp.'', ''Round-eared tube-nosed bat''.〔Redazione, ("12 species of bat uncovered in Nui Chua National Park" ), ''VietnamNet Bridge'', 13 April 2009. (URL accessed 15 January 2010)〕 As well as being important for the conservation of terrestrial biodiversity, the National Park is important for marine biodiversity. It has 11 species of turtles, both terrestrial and marine – the highest for a Special Use Forest in Vietnam. Also, several of the beaches within the Park constitute the last remaining nesting sites in mainland Vietnam for small numbers of endangered Green Turtles and other marine turtles on the IUCN Red List. The fringing coral reefs are also particularly rich with 307 species recorded, and are generally in good to excellent condition. The most recent surveys by WWF〔DeVantier, L. 2003. ''Reef-building corals and coral communities of Nui Chua Nature Reserve, Ninh Thuan, Vietnam'': Rapid Ecological Assessment of biodiversity. WWF IndoChina Programme.〕 identified 46 species with new distribution records for Vietnam, and a distinctly different coral community structure to other reefs in Vietnam. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Núi Chúa National Park」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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